REVISION OF THE FAMILY SPHECIDAE (HYMENOPTERA, APOIDEA) IN IRAQ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2019.15.4.0491Keywords:
Hymenoptera, Iraq, Sphecidae, Revision, WaspsAbstract
A revision study of the Sphecidae from Iraq is presented. A survey is conducted to collect the specimens from different regions; generally, there were 41 species belonging to 12 genera and 4 subfamilies are revised with synonyms.
The current investigation included the species previously reported in Iraq, which were not collected during the current investigations; the distribution and other information are also provided.
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References
Abdul-Rassoul, M. S. 1976. Checklist of Iraq natural history museum insects collection. Natural History Research Center, Publication, 30: 1- 41.
Augul, R. S. 2012. Taxonomic study of Thread -Waisted Wasps Subfamily: Sphecinae (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) from some Governorates of Iraq. Ph. D. thesis, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, 286 pp. (In Arabic).
Augul, R. S. 2013. A new species of the genus Sphex Linnaeus, 1850 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae; Sphecinae) from Iraq. International Journal of Advanced Research, 1 (5): 475-484.
Augul, R. S., Abdul-Rassoul, M. S. and Kaddou, I. K. 2013. A new species of ammophila kirby, 1798 with identification key to species of Ammophilini (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Sphecinae) in Iraq. Advances in Bioresearch, 4 (1): 12-27.
Augul, R. S., Abdul-Rassoul, M. S. and Kaddou, I. K. 2015. Identification key to species of sphecini (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Sphecinae) in Iraq. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 6 (1): 111-121.
Augul, R. S., Abdul-Rassoul, M. S., Kaddou, I. K. and Jihad, H. M. 2014. Identification Key to Species of Sceliphrini (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Sphecinae) with illustration of male genitalia in Iraq. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 3 (4): 663-670.
Balthasar, V. 1954. Příspěvek k poznání palestinských kutilek – Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der palästinischen Spheciden. Opuscula hymenopterologica XIV. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 28:267-284.
Beaumont, J.de.1961. Sphecidae de l'Iraq (Hym.). Opuscula Zoologica (München), 56:1-5. Available at: http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/entomology/Entomology_Resources/Hymenoptera/sphecidae/copies/de_Beaumont_1961e_Iraq.pdf
Bohart, R. M. and Menke, A. S. 1976. Sphecid wasps of the world: A generic revision. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, 695pp.
Derwesh, A. I. 1965. A preliminary list of identified insects and arachnids of Iraq. Director General Agriculture Research Projections Baghdad, Bulletin, no. 121, 123pp.
Dollfuss, H. 2013. Revision of the wasps genus Ammophila Kirby 1798 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Sphecidae) of the Palearctic Region and India. Linzer biologische Beiträge, 45(1): 383-564.
Dollfuss, H. 2015a. Revision of the wasp genus Ammophila KIRBY, 1798 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Sphecidae) of the Sub-Saharan Region of Africa. Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 47: 307–412.
Dollfuss, H. 2015b. The Ammophilini wasps of the "Biologiezentrum Linz"- collection in Linz, Austria (part 3) including the genera Ammophila Kirby, Eremnophila Menke, Eremochares Gribodo, Hoplammophila de Beaumont and Podalonia Fernald (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Sphecidae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 47: 413–439.
El – Haidari, H., Fattah, Y. M. and Sultan, J. A. 1971. Contribution to the insect fauna of Iraq (part 3). Ministry Agricultural Iraq, Bulletin, no.3, 20pp.
Gadallah, N. S., AL Dhafer, H. M., Al Dryhim, Y. N., Fadl, H. H. and El Gharbawy, A. A. 2013. The digger wasps of Saudi Arabia: New records and distribution, with a checklist of species (Hym.: Ampulicidae, Crabronidae and Sphecidae). North – Western Journal of Zoology, 9 (2):345-364.
Guichard, K. M. 1986. Hymenoptera: Fam. Sphecidae of Arabia. Key to the Arabian genera of hunting wasps. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 8: 343–351.
Guichard, K. M. 1988. Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Subfam. Sphecinae of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 9: 114–131.
Hensen, R. V.1987. Revision of the subgenus Prosceliphron van der Vecht (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 129:217-261.
Honoré, A. M. 1944. Revue des espèces égyptiennes du genre Sphex Linné, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Sphegidae). Bulletin de la Société Fouad 1er Entomologique, 28: 45-79.
Kaddou, I. K. 1967. Checklist of some insects fauna of Iraq. Biological Research Centre, Publication, no. 1, 44pp.
Khalaf, K. T.1963. Faunistic notes in Iraq. Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum, 11(8):8-9.
Khalaf, A. N. and Al – Omar, M. A. 1974. A second list of insects from Iraq. Biological Research Centre, Publication, no. 2, 41pp.
Kohl, F. F. 1918. Die Hautflüglergruppe "Sphecinae". IV. Die natürliche Gattung Sceliphron Klug (= Pelopaeus Latr.). Annalen des k.k. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, 32: 1-171. Available at: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5585249
Morice, F. D. 1921. Annotated lists of Aculeate Hymenoptera (except Heterogyna) and Chrysids recently collected in Mesopotamia and North-West Persia. The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 27:816-828.
Pulawski, W. J. 2019. Catalog of Sphecidae. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. https://www.calacademy.org/scientists/projects/catalog-of-sphecidae (Accessed at July 2019)
Roche, C. G. 2007. Conspectus of the Sphecid wasps of Egypt (Hymenoptera: Ampulicidae, Sphecidae, Crabronidae). Egyptian Journal of Natural History, 4: 12 - 149. Crabronidae).
Roche, G. C. and Gadallah, N. S. 1999. The sphecid wasps of Egypt (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae): Introduction and generic key. Egyptian Journal of Biology, 1:104-117.
Schmid-Egger, C. 2011. Order Hymenoptera, families Crabronidae and Sphecidae. Arthropod fauna of the UAE, 4: 488–608.
Augul, R. S. 2012. Taxonomic study of Thread -Waisted Wasps Subfamily: Sphecinae (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) from some Governorates of Iraq. Ph. D. thesis, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, 286 pp. (In Arabic).
Augul, R. S. 2013. A new species of the genus Sphex Linnaeus, 1850 (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae; Sphecinae) from Iraq. International Journal of Advanced Research, 1 (5): 475-484.
Augul, R. S., Abdul-Rassoul, M. S. and Kaddou, I. K. 2013. A new species of ammophila kirby, 1798 with identification key to species of Ammophilini (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Sphecinae) in Iraq. Advances in Bioresearch, 4 (1): 12-27.
Augul, R. S., Abdul-Rassoul, M. S. and Kaddou, I. K. 2015. Identification key to species of sphecini (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Sphecinae) in Iraq. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 6 (1): 111-121.
Augul, R. S., Abdul-Rassoul, M. S., Kaddou, I. K. and Jihad, H. M. 2014. Identification Key to Species of Sceliphrini (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Sphecinae) with illustration of male genitalia in Iraq. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 3 (4): 663-670.
Balthasar, V. 1954. Příspěvek k poznání palestinských kutilek – Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der palästinischen Spheciden. Opuscula hymenopterologica XIV. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 28:267-284.
Beaumont, J.de.1961. Sphecidae de l'Iraq (Hym.). Opuscula Zoologica (München), 56:1-5. Available at: http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/entomology/Entomology_Resources/Hymenoptera/sphecidae/copies/de_Beaumont_1961e_Iraq.pdf
Bohart, R. M. and Menke, A. S. 1976. Sphecid wasps of the world: A generic revision. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, 695pp.
Derwesh, A. I. 1965. A preliminary list of identified insects and arachnids of Iraq. Director General Agriculture Research Projections Baghdad, Bulletin, no. 121, 123pp.
Dollfuss, H. 2013. Revision of the wasps genus Ammophila Kirby 1798 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Sphecidae) of the Palearctic Region and India. Linzer biologische Beiträge, 45(1): 383-564.
Dollfuss, H. 2015a. Revision of the wasp genus Ammophila KIRBY, 1798 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Sphecidae) of the Sub-Saharan Region of Africa. Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 47: 307–412.
Dollfuss, H. 2015b. The Ammophilini wasps of the "Biologiezentrum Linz"- collection in Linz, Austria (part 3) including the genera Ammophila Kirby, Eremnophila Menke, Eremochares Gribodo, Hoplammophila de Beaumont and Podalonia Fernald (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Sphecidae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 47: 413–439.
El – Haidari, H., Fattah, Y. M. and Sultan, J. A. 1971. Contribution to the insect fauna of Iraq (part 3). Ministry Agricultural Iraq, Bulletin, no.3, 20pp.
Gadallah, N. S., AL Dhafer, H. M., Al Dryhim, Y. N., Fadl, H. H. and El Gharbawy, A. A. 2013. The digger wasps of Saudi Arabia: New records and distribution, with a checklist of species (Hym.: Ampulicidae, Crabronidae and Sphecidae). North – Western Journal of Zoology, 9 (2):345-364.
Guichard, K. M. 1986. Hymenoptera: Fam. Sphecidae of Arabia. Key to the Arabian genera of hunting wasps. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 8: 343–351.
Guichard, K. M. 1988. Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Subfam. Sphecinae of the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 9: 114–131.
Hensen, R. V.1987. Revision of the subgenus Prosceliphron van der Vecht (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 129:217-261.
Honoré, A. M. 1944. Revue des espèces égyptiennes du genre Sphex Linné, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Sphegidae). Bulletin de la Société Fouad 1er Entomologique, 28: 45-79.
Kaddou, I. K. 1967. Checklist of some insects fauna of Iraq. Biological Research Centre, Publication, no. 1, 44pp.
Khalaf, K. T.1963. Faunistic notes in Iraq. Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum, 11(8):8-9.
Khalaf, A. N. and Al – Omar, M. A. 1974. A second list of insects from Iraq. Biological Research Centre, Publication, no. 2, 41pp.
Kohl, F. F. 1918. Die Hautflüglergruppe "Sphecinae". IV. Die natürliche Gattung Sceliphron Klug (= Pelopaeus Latr.). Annalen des k.k. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, 32: 1-171. Available at: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/5585249
Morice, F. D. 1921. Annotated lists of Aculeate Hymenoptera (except Heterogyna) and Chrysids recently collected in Mesopotamia and North-West Persia. The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 27:816-828.
Pulawski, W. J. 2019. Catalog of Sphecidae. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. https://www.calacademy.org/scientists/projects/catalog-of-sphecidae (Accessed at July 2019)
Roche, C. G. 2007. Conspectus of the Sphecid wasps of Egypt (Hymenoptera: Ampulicidae, Sphecidae, Crabronidae). Egyptian Journal of Natural History, 4: 12 - 149. Crabronidae).
Roche, G. C. and Gadallah, N. S. 1999. The sphecid wasps of Egypt (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae): Introduction and generic key. Egyptian Journal of Biology, 1:104-117.
Schmid-Egger, C. 2011. Order Hymenoptera, families Crabronidae and Sphecidae. Arthropod fauna of the UAE, 4: 488–608.
